⇒SNMP-based Network Management Model Figure: SNMP-based Network Management Model ⊗A set of standards covering service, protocol and MIB emerge, and they are widely used −However, the private configuration management tools are the restrictions −The cost for learning the tools of different vendors will increase dramatically −If each vendor provides independent management interface √Devices and resources to be managed are likely to come from different vendors √We are in urgent need of automatic tool to assist network management better ⊗In a large network, we cannot finish the network management manually only √More intelligent network management services √Lowest cost: human resources, devices, and capitals ⊕Network management have become an important part of network solution √The network is complicated increasingly, and supports more and more applications and users √The network and related resources, and the distributed applications have become important increasingly ⊕Fast development and widespread application of network and distributed processing system